One of the leading problems of modern medicine and demography is infertility. The purpose of the study was to improve the diagnosis of varicocele in adolescents through the use of multiparametric echography. Materials and methods of research. This work is based on an analysis of the results of ultrasound examination of 65 adolescents who received examination and treatment at the TashPMI clinic and EXPERT MEDICAL LLC from 2019 to 2022. on ultrasound machines SONOSCAPE S 22, Aplio 500 and Samsung HS70A. Research results. a sharp increase in the diameter of the veins indicated renospermatic venous reflux, characteristic of type I varicocele. The initial increase in the diameter of the veins in orthostasis with compensation by 10% and the absence of its increase after eliminating digital compression indicated in favor of ospermatic reflux, characteristic of type II varicocele. compression more than doubled indicated renospermatic and/or ospermatic reflux, which was typical for mixed type III varicocele. Conclusions. multiparametric ultrasound has opened up new opportunities in assessing the clinical forms of varicocele and its important in the management of adolescents suffering from varicocele.
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Despite the development of highly informative diagnostic methods, the risk of erroneous diagnosis remains relevant, as a result of which a malignant tumor may be missed. The aim of the study was to improve the diagnosis of volumetric formations of the liver by using radiation research methods-complex echography and computed tomography. Materials and methods of research. The work was carried out on the basis of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute in the regional oncological dispensary from 2015 to 2021. 70 patients aged 20 to 70 years were under observation, of which 30 (42.8%) were men and 40 (57.2%) were women. The results of the study. With ultrasound, CT of the liver, the sensitivity depended on the size of the detectable formations and the massiveness of the liver lesion. With adenoma, a rounded formation with clear contours, a moderately heterogeneous internal structure was determined, the echogenicity of the adenoma was with some predominance of hyperechoic variants. During ultrasound, the hemangioma was more often visualized as a hyperechoic formation, sometimes with an acoustic shadow located behind it. A characteristic CT sign of hemangioma was the clarity of its contours, which we noted in 82% of cases. A smooth contour was characteristic of small hemangiomas and was observed in half of the patients. Conclusions. for the primary detection of benign focal liver lesions, it is advisable to start the examination with ultrasound examination followed by CT diagnostics.
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The solution to the problem of preoperative planning of surgical treatment of the maxillofacial region is the use of a single MSCT scanning protocol suitable for both diagnosis and subsequent design modeling. The universal the maxillofacial region scanning protocol eliminates repeated examinations, thereby reducing radiation exposure, material costs and preparation time for surgical treatment.
14.12.2023 Volume 2 Issue 12 View more Download
Differential diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms remains an urgent problem in oncology. From this position, we analyzed the possibilities of ultrasound tomography using Dopplerography in determining the criteria for the benign and malignancy of soft tissue neoplasms. Malignant tumors are characterized by either a multi-nodular formation, which can reach large sizes, irregular shape, with an asymmetrical outline, heterogeneous structure, with a reflection of reduced intensity and increased vascularization in it and high indices of peripheral resistance index. Benign neoplasms are characterized by the following signs: the presence of one node of small size (up to 3 cm), a regular rounded shape, with a clear outline
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Diagnosis of kidney neoplasms remains an urgent problem. The aim of the study was to improve the diagnosis of malignant kidney tumors using modern methods of triplex echography. Materials and methods of research. The work is based on the data of a comprehensive study of 70 patients aged 29 to 77 years who were examined on the basis of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute in the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Radiology in 2014-2022. The light-cell type of renal cell carcinoma was the most common. Much less often there was a granular cell type of renal cell carcinoma, as well as a spindle cell or sarcoma-like type of renal cell carcinoma. Epithelial tumors of the renal pelvis accounted for only 4.3% of the total number of malignant neoplasms
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The urgency of the problem of diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus in children remains an important socio-medical problem due to the prevalence of pathological conditions in the population, severe manifestations of the disease and the low effectiveness of the treatment methods used. Currently, a wide range of instrumental research methods are used to diagnose hydrocephalus. The possibility of early non-invasive diagnosis of hydrocephalus appeared due to the active introduction into clinical practice of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound methods of investigation, in particular, neurosonography (NSG) and transcranial dopplerography (TCD) of cerebral vessels.
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Glomerulonephritis is a group of immune kidney diseases characterized by primary glomerular lesion and subsequent involvement in the pathological process of interstitium with a tendency to progression, transition to nephrosclerosis and the development of chronic renal failure syndrome. Until recently, there were no highly informative methods of reliable assessment of hemodynamic changes in the kidneys in nephrology. With the advent of Dopplerography methods in medicine, attempts have been made to use them for dynamic assessment of blood flow in the kidneys. Dopplerography methods are used, as a rule, to diagnose lesions of the main arteries having a relatively large diameter. However, the assessment of Dopplerographic indicators at various levels of the renal artery in glomerulonephritis in children is very relevant
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Acute intestinal obstruction is one of the most common diseases in emergency surgery. This paper presents the results of a survey of 47 children with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction. All patients were treated at the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute from 2020 to 2022. Of the total number of patients, 43 were operated on for early adhesive intestinal obstruction. Surgical interventions are represented by two methods of operation: open 12 children and laparoscopic 31 children. Conservative measures were successful in 11 cases. Ultrasound is also widely used for dynamic monitoring of children undergoing conservative treatment, which allows to assess the wall, the structure of the intestine, as well as the restoration of peristalsis. Ultrasound plays an important role as the first screening study to confirm or exclude acute adhesive intestinal obstruction, which allows timely diagnosis and inclusion of the patient in the treatment process
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The most pressing problems facing modern pediatrics and nephrology are chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is associated with the early onset of disorders in patients in childhood, a constant increase in the frequency of chronic progressive kidney disease and the occurrence of chronic renal failure (CRF). Despite recent advances in nephrology, reducing the risk of problems associated with delayed formation of CRF and decreased kidney function remains a difficult task in the early detection and prevention of kidney diseases of various etiologies
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The current stage of development of clinical dentistry is characterized by a high level of fundamental and applied work related to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. At the same time, despite the scale of research conducted in our country and abroad, many aspects of this complex pathology remain not fully understood. Periodontal disease (periodontal disease) involves infectious and inflammatory processes that affect the tissues that support the teeth. These include gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) and periodontitis (inflammation of the tissues that support the teeth). Periodontal disease is a serious disease that can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Gingivitis is characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums, while periodontitis causes the destruction of the bone tissue that supports the teeth. The article discusses the peculiarities of diagnosing periodontal diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis.
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