Abstract. The transmission of certain diseases from animals, as well as the fact that the disease can be transmitted when communicating with the patient, and its causative agent enters the body in different ways — through the mouth, nose and genitals, was known as early as that time. Attempts to scientifically substantiate infectious diseases were expressed in the works of Hippocrates, Rosary, ibn Sina and others in the Middle Ages. In his work "the laws of the Tib", Abu Ali ibn Sina expressed thoughts about the main causes that cause diseases, the factors that provoke them, the symptoms of the disease and their prevention. In this article, opinions and reflections on the importance of epidemiological processes in emergency situations will be discussed.