POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC ACTIVITIES OF JALALUDDIN MANGUBERDI IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE MONGOLS

04.08.2022 International Scientific Journal "Science and Innovation". Series C. Volume 1 Issue 4

A. Toirov

Abstract. When in 1219-1221 the kingdom of Khorezmshahs, which played an important role in the statehood of the Uzbek people, was captured by the Mongols, Sultan Muhammad Khorezmshah was forced to issue an emergency decree and appoint his eldest son Jalaluddin Manguberdi as head of the Khorezm army. He managed to establish military-political cooperation with the Western Seljuks and Ayyubids, first in Northern India, and then in the Middle East. In the following events, the reasons for the disagreements between Jalaluddin Manguberdi and his allies are given in different ways in different sources. Various interpretations are put forward by historians on this issue today. This article details some other important events related to the political and diplomatic activities of Jalaluddin Manguberdi mentioned above (in particular, the battle of Isfahan against the Mongols and the battle of Yasi-Chaman against his allies Alovuddin Koykubod and Malik Ashraf), based on an analysis of the main historical works giving information about the last Khorezmshah.

Keywords: Jalaluddin Manguberdi, Mongol invasion, political alliance, military ally, actions, mutual interests, threat of Mongol invasion, conquest of Khilots, Battle of Isfahan, Battle of Yasi-Chaman.