14.04.2024 International Scientific Journal "Science and Innovation". Series D. Volume 3 Issue 4
Abstract. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, impaired mucociliary activity, and emphysematous destruction of the lungs, resulting in irreversible airflow limitation. These clinical signs sharply limit the physical activity of patients and lead to a decrease in quality of life and disability
Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exacerbations, physical activity
1. Aaron SD, Donaldson GC, Whitmore GA, Hurst JR, Ramsay T, Wedzicha JA. Time course and pattern of COPD exacerbation onset. Thorax 2012;67:238–243. 2. Alahmari AD, Kowlessar BS, Patel ARC, Mackay AJ, Allinson JP, Wedzicha JA, et al. Physical activity and exercise capacity in patients with moderate COPD exacerbations. Eur Respir J 2016;48:340–349. 3. Aleva FE, Voets LWLM, Simons SO, de Mast Q, van der Ven AJAM, Heijdra YF. Prevalence and localization of pulmonary embolism in unexplained acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 2017;151:544–554. 4. Almagro P, Cabrera FJ, Diez J, Boixeda R, Alonso Ortiz MB, Murio C, et al. Comorbidities and short-term prognosis in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD: the EPOC en Servicios de Medicina Interna (ESMI) study. Chest 2012;142:1126–1133. 5. Baghai-Ravary R, Quint JK, Goldring JJP, Hurst JR, Donaldson GC, Wedzicha JA. Determinants and impact of fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2009;103:216–223. 6. Barnes N, Calverley PMA, Kaplan A, Rabe KF. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and exacerbations: patient insights from the global Hidden Depths of COPD survey. BMC Pulm Med 2013;13:54. 7. Donaldson GC, Hurst JR, Smith CJ, Hubbard RB, Wedzicha JA. Increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke following exacerbation of COPD. Chest 2010;137:1091–1097. 8. Donaldson GC, Law M, Kowlessar B, Singh R, Brill SE, Allinson JP, et al. Impact of prolonged exacerbation recovery in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015;192:943–950. 9. Donaldson GC, Seemungal TAR, Bhowmik A, Wedzicha JA. Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2002;57:847–852. 10. Donaldson GC, Wedzicha JA. The causes and consequences of seasonal variation in COPD exacerbations. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2014;9:1101–1110. 11. Dransfield MT, Kunisaki KM, Strand MJ, Anzueto A, Bhatt SP, Bowler RP, et al. Acute exacerbations and lung function loss in smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195:324–330. 12. Finney LJ, Padmanaban V, Todd S, Ahmed N, Elkin SL, Mallia P. Validity of the diagnosis of pneumonia in hospitalised patients with COPD. ERJ Open Res 2019;5:00031-2019. 13. Gimeno-Santos E, Frei A, Steurer-Stey C, de Batlle J, Rabinovich RA, Raste Y, et al. Determinants and outcomes of physical activity in patients with COPD: a systematic review. Thorax 2014;69:731–739. 14. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2020. 2020 Report: Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. Available at: https://goldcopd.org. Accessed 5 November 2019. 15. Goto T, Shimada YJ, Faridi MK, Camargo Jr. CA, Hasegawa K. Incidence of acute cardiovascular event after acute exacerbation of COPD. J Gen Intern Med 2018;33:1461–1468. 16. Halpin DMG, Decramer M, Celli BR, Mueller A, Metzdorf N, Tashkin DP. Effect of a single exacerbation on decline in lung function in COPD. Respir Med 2017;128:85–91. 17. Han MK, Quibrera PM, Carretta EE, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Bowler RP, et al. Frequency of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of the SPIROMICS cohort. Lancet Respir Med 2017;5:619–626. 18. Hawkins NM, Petrie MC, Jhund PS, Chalmers GW, Dunn FG, McMurray JJV. Heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: diagnostic pitfalls and epidemiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2009;11:130–139. 19. Hawkins NM, Virani S, Ceconi C. Heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the challenges facing physicians and health services. Eur Heart J 2013;34:2795–2803. 20. Hawkins PE, Alam J, McDonnell TJ, Kelly E. Defining exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2015;9:277–86. 21. Ho TW, Tsai YJ, Ruan SY, Huang CT, Lai F, Yu CJ, et al. In-hospital and one-year mortality and their predictors in patients hospitalized for first-ever chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: a nationwide population-based study. PLoS One 2014;9:e114866. 22. Hoogendoorn M, Feenstra TL, Boland M, Briggs AH, Borg S, Jansson SA, et al. Prediction models for exacerbations in different COPD patient populations: comparing results of five large data sources. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017;12:3183–94. 23. Hoogendoorn M, Hoogenveen RT, Rutten-van Molken MP, Vestbo J, Feenstra TL. Case fatality of COPD exacerbations: a meta-analysis and statistical modelling approach. Eur Respir J 2011;37:508–515. 24. Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, Locantore N, Müllerová H, Tal-Singer R, et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1128–1138. 25. Hurst JR. Consolidation and exacerbation of COPD. Med Sci (Basel) 2018;6:44. 26. Jenkins CR, Celli B, Anderson JA, Ferguson GT, Jones PW, Vestbo J, et al. Seasonality and determinants of moderate and severe COPD exacerbations in the TORCH study. Eur Respir J 2012;39:38–45. 27. Jones PW, Lamarca R, Chuecos F, Singh D, Agusti A, Bateman ED, et al. Characterisation and impact of reported and unreported exacerbations: results from ATTAIN. Eur Respir J 2014;44:1156–1165. 28. Kania A, Krenke R, Kuziemski K, Czajkowska-Malinowska M, Celejewska-Wojcik N, Kuznar-Kaminska B, et al. Distribution and characteristics of COPD phenotypes - results from the Polish sub-cohort of the POPE study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018;13:1613–1621. 29. Korpershoek YJG, Vervoort SCJM, Nijssen LIT, Trappenburg JCA, Schuurmans MJ. Factors influencing exacerbation-related self-management in patients with COPD: a qualitative study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016;11:2977–2990. 30. Kunisaki KM, Dransfield MT, Anderson JA, Brook RD, Calverley PMA, Celli BR, et al. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiac events. A post hoc cohort analysis from the SUMMIT randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;198:51–57. 31. Martin AL, Marvel J, Fahrbach K, Cadarette SM, Wilcox TK, Donohue JF. The association of lung function and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire with exacerbations in COPD: a systematic literature review and regression analysis. Respir J.R. Hurst, et al. European Journal of Internal Medicine 73 (2020) 1–6 5 Res 2016;17:40. 32. McGarvey L, Lee AJ, Roberts J, Gruffydd-Jones K, McKnight E, Haughney J. Characterisation of the frequent exacerbator phenotype in COPD patients in a large UK primary care population. Respir Med 2015;109:228–237. 33. Minasian AG, van den Elshout FJJ, Dekhuijzen PNR, Vos PJE, Willems FF, van den Bergh PJPC, et al. COPD in chronic heart failure: less common than previously thought? Heart Lung 2013;42:365–371. 34. Müllerová H, Chigbo C, Hagan GW, Woodhead MA, Miravitlles M, Davis KJ, et al. The natural history of community-acquired pneumonia in COPD patients: a population database analysis. Respir Med 2012;106:1124–1133. 35. Müllerová H, Shukla A, Hawkins A, Quint J. Risk factors for acute exacerbations of COPD in a primary care population: a retrospective observational cohort study. BMJ Open 2014;4: e006171. 36. Oliveira CC, Lee AL, McGinley J, Anderson GP, Clark RA, Thompson M, et al. Balance and falls in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective study. COPD 2017;14:518–525 37. Patel JG, Coutinho AD, Lunacsek OE, Dalal AA. COPD affects worker productivity and health care costs. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018;13:2301–11. 38. Rizkallah J, Man SFP, Sin DD. Prevalence of pulmonary embolism in acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Chest 2009;135:786–793. 39. Roche N, Wedzicha JA, Patalano F, Frent SM, Larbig M, Shen S, et al. COPD exacerbations significantly impact quality of life as measured by SGRQ-C total score: results from the FLAME study. Eur Respir J 2017;50:OA1487. 40. Rothnie KJ, Mullerova H, Smeeth L, Quint JK. Natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations in a general practice-based population with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018;198:464–471. 41. Rusinowicz T, Zielonka TM, Zycinska K. Cardiac arrhythmias in patients with exacerbation of COPD. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017;1022:53–62. 42. Sama SR, Kriebel D, Gore RJ, DeVries R, Rosiello R. Environmental triggers of COPD symptoms: a case cross-over study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2017;4:e000179. 43. Sato M, Chubachi S, Sasaki M, Haraguchi M, Kameyama N, Tsutsumi A, et al. Impact of mild exacerbation on COPD symptoms in a Japanese cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016;11:1269–1278. 44. Scholl T, Kiser TH, Vondracek SF. Evaluation of systemic corticosteroids in patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD and a diagnosis of pneumonia. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2018;5:57–65. 45. Seemungal TA, Donaldson GC, Paul EA, Bestall JC, Jeffries DJ, Wedzicha JA. Effect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1418–1422. 46. Seemungal TAR, Donaldson GC, Bhowmik A, Jeffries DJ, Wedzicha JA. Time course and recovery of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:1608–1613. 47. Solem CT, Sun SX, Sudharshan L, Macahilig C, Katyal M, Gao X. Exacerbation-related impairment of quality of life and work productivity in severe and very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2013;8:641–652. 48. Soler-Cataluña JJ, Martínez-García MA, Román Sánchez P, Salcedo E, Navarro M, Ochando R. Severe acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2005;60:925–931. 49. Suissa S, Dell'Aniello S, Ernst P. Long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: severe exacerbations and mortality. Thorax 2012;67:957–963. 50. Terzano C, Colamesta V, Unim B, Romani S, Meneghini A, Volpe G, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation: impact of comorbidities on length and costs during hospitalization. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017;21:3680–3689. 51. Thomas M, Radwan A, Stonham C, Marshall S. COPD exacerbation frequency, pharmacotherapy and resource use: an observational study in UK primary care. COPD 2014;11:300–309. 52. Torres-Sánchez I, Cabrera-Martos I, Díaz-Pelegrina A, Valenza-Demet G, MorenoRamírez MP, Valenza MC. Physical and functional impairment during and after hospitalization in subjects with severe COPD exacerbation. Respir Care 2017;62:209–214. 53. Vanaparthy R, Mota P, Khan R, Ehsan M, Qureshi A, ZuWallack R, et al. A longitudinal assessment of sleep variables during exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2015;12:299–304. 54. Wedzicha JA, Banerji D, Chapman KR, Vestbo J, Roche N, Ayers RT, et al. Indacaterol-glycopyrronium versus salmeterol-fluticasone for COPD. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:2222–2234 55. Wells JM, Washko GR, Han MK, Abbas N, Nath H, Mamary AJ, et al. Pulmonary arterial enlargement and acute exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med 2012;367:913–921. 56. Westerik JAM, Metting EI, van Boven JFM, Tiersma W, Kocks JWH, Schermer TR. Associations between chronic comorbidity and exacerbation risk in primary care patients with COPD. Respir Res 2017;18:31. 57. Williams NP, Ostridge K, Devaster JM, Kim V, Coombs NA, Bourne S, et al. Impact of radiologically stratified exacerbations: insights into pneumonia aetiology in COPD. Respir Res 2018;19:143. 58. Wise RA, Calverley PMA, Carter K, Clerisme-Beaty E, Metzdorf N, Anzueto A. Seasonal variations in exacerbations and deaths in patients with COPD during the TIOSPIR trial. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018;13:605–616. 59. World Health Organization, 2018. Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region 2000–2016. Available at: https://www.who.int/ healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/. Accessed 11 April 2019. 60. Zeiger RS, Tran TN, Butler RK, Schatz M, Li Q, Khatry DB, et al. Relationship of blood eosinophil count to exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2018;6:944-54.e5.