Abstract. There are many factors that lead to low panel efficiency, such as panel angle, shading, dust, solar radiation level, temperature and other losses. Among these factors, solar radiation levels and temperature are more prominent. The level of solar radiation varies throughout the year. The average annual variation in the level of extraterrestrial solar radiation is 1367 W/m2 and is shown by dotted lines. On the other hand, the level of solar radiation falling on the Earth is less than the level of extraterrestrial solar radiation and varies depending on the geographical location of countries. Changes in atmospheric conditions such as solar radiation levels and temperature during the day have a major impact on the panel's efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to know the level of solar radiation and the effect of temperature on the photovoltaic panel. In this paper we examine the equivalent circuit of the panel and carries out simulations in MATLAB using standard photovoltaic panel data, and also studies the influence of temperature and solar radiation on the power and current-voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic panel.
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