Abstract. Dementia is a syndrome caused by an organic lesion of the brain and characterized by disorders in the manistic and other cognitive spheres, including speech, orientation, abstract thinking, and praxis. These violations should be expressed in such a way as to lead to difficulties in everyday life and/or professional activities. Dementia is often accompanied by emotional and affective disorders, but the level of consciousness remains unchanged until the terminal stage of the process. The presence of dementia does not imply the irreversibility of the defect, its progression, global impairment of intellectual functions or the presence of some specific cause of cognitive impairment [1, 2]. The occurrence of dementia is usually unnoticeable (with the exception of post-traumatic, post-anoxic and post-stroke disorders), the course is often progressive, although in some cases it may be stationary and even reversible.
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