Abstract. Among the eye diseases that are currently of great medical and social importance, glaucoma is the most important. Its prevalence in the world among people over 30 years of age is 1.7%, in Russia 1.1-5.8 per 1000 adults. In the world, the number of young people with glaucoma is only constantly growing. So, in 1996 it was 66.8 million people, in 2002 - 105 million people, while, according to forecasts, by 2010 it will reach 150 million people. In the nosological structure of primary vision, glaucoma occupies one of the first places in the world. Currently, glaucoma has developed into heredity, live mucositis, and iklim karabmok. Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most common of all forms of primary glaucoma. There are many studies on the problem of primary glaucoma, but information about the climatic, racial characteristics of glaucoma is mainly limited to a small number of studies conducted by foreign authors