Abstract. This article describes the following: the goals of spies, ambassadors and missions sent by the British East India Company to Central Asia in the first half of the 19th century, their geopolitical activities in the region, the form of government, relations with neighboring countries, the topography of Afghanistan, economic, political and social situation of the Afghan people, their customs, traditions, lifestyle, diversity of nationalities, specific features of this period, etc. It was also discussed how the British colony carried out military-political and diplomatic preparations for the invasion of Central Asia at the end of the thirties of the 19th century. It is revealed that they carefully studied the detailed maps of every road in the country, waterways, government officials, any sources, and the political and economic conditions of the regions. The essence of this article is that: the secret service networks of Great Britain go back for many years, their activities are systematically and continuously carried out, and they use any means. The preface of the article was about how the British prepared for the first Anglo-Afghan war (1838-42), and also reflected that the British Empire carefully prepared for this process for many years before conquering any territory