Abstract. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming an increasingly common disease worldwide, and is closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Arterial hypertension is both a cause and a consequence of CKD and affects the vast majority of patients with CKD. Control of arterial hypertension is important in patients with CKD because it slows the progression of the disease as well as reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. Non-pharmacological interventions are useful in lowering BP in CKD, but they are rarely sufficient to adequately control BP. Patients with CKD and arterial hypertension are often required to have a combination of antihypertensive drugs to achieve BP goals. Certain pharmacological treatments provide additional renoprotective and/or cardioprotective effects independent of BP, and this should be taken into account when prescribing therapy.