INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAIN ON PRODUCT PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY

B. Ravshanov

doi:10.5281/zenodo.7370577

B. Ravshanov

Abstract. In Uzbekistan, only in recent years has irrigation with highly alkaline water been introduced, but this has led to a decrease in the productivity of thousands of hectares of agricultural land. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of different rates and sizes of gypsum as an amendment that improves soil physicochemical properties and crop yield. The treatments consisted of two gypsum granule sizes (1-10 mm and β1 mm) and two application methods (adding gypsum to irrigation water and mixing it with the soil) at three levels of gypsum applied to the soil, either 50%, 75% and 100% of the need for gypsum (GR). The results of the study showed that gypsum application increased soil salinity and hydraulic conductivity, but decreased sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and pH. Growth of wheat yield was greater in coarse gypsum than in fine gypsum, but for most soil and plant parameters, the difference between fine and coarse gypsum was generally similar to GR level. was not significant. Drought conditions have been found to reduce the impact of gypsum on soil and plants, as wheat yield decreased by 10% in a drought year compared to a normal year. showed. Finally, farmers were advised to remediate sodic soil by applying coarse gypsum at 100% GR as it is a cost-effective method of reclamation of sodic soil.

Keywords: Gypsum, Sodic soils, Soil reclamation, Wheat

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