DISTRIBUTION OF HEART RHYTHM DISORDERS AND THE MECHANISMS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
12.10.2022
International Scientific Journal "Science and Innovation". Series D. Volume 1 Issue 6
A.Laxanov , E.Tashkenbaeva , G.Abdieva
Abstract. A significant proportion of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) (COVID-19) also have disorders that affect heart rhythm. In this review, we provide an overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the associated arrhythmic complications of COVID-19 infection, evidence-based recommendations for the clinical management of these conditions. Arrhythmic manifestations of COVID-19 include atrial arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation or atrial fit, sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular conduction abnormalities, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sudden cardiac arrest, and cardiovascular dysautonomia, including the so-called prolonged COVID syndrome. The development of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 portends a higher risk of death in the hospital. Arrhythmic complications from acute COVID-19 infection are commonly encountered in clinical practice, and COVID-19 patients with cardiac complications tend to have worse clinical outcomes than those who do not. Treatment of these arrhythmias should be based on published evidence-based recommendations, with particular regard to the severity of COVID-19 infection, the concomitant use of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs, and the transient nature of some arrhythmias. Some manifestations, such as prolonged COVID syndrome, may result in residual symptoms several months after an acute infection. As the pandemic evolves with the discovery of new variants of SARS-CoV2, the development and use of new antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs, and the growing introduction of vaccination, clinicians must remain vigilant for other arrhythmic manifestations that may occur in connection with this new but potentially fatal disease.
Keywords: COVID-19, arrhythmias, heart damage, risk factors, complications.
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